Which of the following describes the terminology for shared external cues used in kin recognition?

The terminology for shared external cues used in kin recognition is best described as a self-based template. This concept revolves around the idea that individuals use cues derived from their own phenotype, which includes traits such as odor, appearance, or vocalizations, to identify related individuals. In kin recognition, individuals often recognize relatives by comparing these external cues to their own, creating a template that helps them discern kin from non-kin.

A self-based template relies on the notion that individuals have an innate or learned representation of their own characteristics, which they then use to evaluate others. For example, if a young individual shares a similar scent or visual trait with a sibling, they might be more inclined to treat that individual favorably, based on their recognition of these shared characteristics. This mechanism enhances the likelihood of cooperative behavior among relatives, which is advantageous for inclusive fitness.

The other terminologies, while related to social dynamics, do not specifically capture the unique process of kin recognition through the comparison of an individual's traits with a personal internal standard.